'Chechevitsa' was a Soviet programme of expulsion and deportation of the native populations of Chechnya and Ingushetia in the northern part of the Caucasus (23 February 1944/1945).

These Moslem peoples were falsely accused of collaborating with the Germans, and the entire Chechen and Ingush populations were deported to Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Siberia on the orders of Iosif Stalin while the majority of their men were fighting on the front. The initial phase of the deportation was carried out in US-supplied Studebaker trucks, which delivered the deportees to railway stations, where they were transferred to cattle cars. As much as 30% of the populations died of hunger, cold and disease during the journey or in the first year of the exile.