Operation Paul (i)

'Paul' (i) was a British unrealised naval plan to mine the approaches to Luleå, the important port at the northern end of the Gulf of Bothnia on the Baltic Sea coast of neutral Sweden, in an effort to prevent the trans-shipment of iron ore to Germany (April/May 1940).

Inspired largely by Winston Churchill, the First Lord of the Admiralty until he became prime minister on 10 May 1940, this impractical scheme was schemed as a way to prevent, or at least significantly hinder, the delivery of ore through the Baltic Sea during the ice-free summer months and thus complement the 'Wilfred' mining of the Norwegian Leads to prevent or hinder the movement of the ore from Narvik, where it was delivered by railway, during the winter months when the Norwegian and North Seas were free of ice.